The Statement of Strengthening Epidemic Prevention for COVID-19

Dear Colleagues,

The situation for COVID-19’s outbreak in Wuhan is getting improved in the strong supports of our government and caring people all over the world now. We are very lucky that we all are safe at present, while it’s still very important for us to do well protections. We determine to do below provisional measures during the resumption of production until the end of the outbreak in order to ensure the safe of all colleagues and our clients strictly.

1. The establishment of epidemic prevention group, their works contain procurement of protection materials, temperature detection, virus kill, daily patrol and consults ect;
2. Purchasing a batch of substance such as medicine alcohol, chlorine disinfectant, medical surgical masks, protective clothing, temperature guns for epidemic prevention;
3. The offices, production laboratories, warehouses must be disinfected fully after daily work, and all windows must be opened;
4. The temperature detection is needed before and after daily work for everyone, any person has the temperature over 37.3℃ must be sent to the hospital immediately. Early detection, early isolation, early treatment;
5. All colleagues must wear mask and the colleagues in production department also must wear protective clothing, gloves, wash and change them frequently;
6. The new purchased materials must be kept in isolated room first, and transferred into warehouses or production rooms after being thoroughly sprayed and disinfected with 75% medicine alcohol;
7. The high temperature resistant consumables, such as bottle, pipe, experimental spear, must be sterilized via high heat and pressure, and those consumables don’t resistant to high temperature, such as box, bag, must be thoroughly sprayed and disinfected with 75% medicine alcohol to ensure the safe of products during the production;
8. During the process of packing box, the inner and outer surface of the box must be sprayed and disinfected with 75% medicine alcohol to ensure the packaging safety;
9. Cargos should be transported via reliable express company such as S.F. Express, FedEx, DHL to ensure the transportation safety;

Abbkine Scientific Co.,Ltd.

20^th, February 2020

How to Select an Antibody&Protein Coupling Kit with Super Cost Performance

1, The common definition of coupling technology

Enzymes, biotin, fluorescent dye, agarose, magnetic beads and other substances which are easy to detect or separate are covalently labeled or conjugated to antibodies, proteins or other small molecular substances by a certain technology.

2, Background of Coupling Technology

Coupling of antibodies, proteins or other small molecules is a necessary step in many types of biological experiments.

For example, in order to detect specific proteins in immunoassays (such as WB/IHC/IF and other immunological experiments), we couple primary antibody or secondary antibody with enzyme, fluorescent dye, etc.

In cell staining (biological imaging) applications, reactive dyes (fluorescent dye) are directly combined with extracellular or intracellular proteins (polypeptides) to produce visible and measurable staining.

Coupling agarose or magnetic beads to proteins or antibodies provides a targeted purification method. For example, the agarose (magnetic beads) coupled antibody used by Abbkine in IP experiments directly saves the use of Protein A/G.

3, Major Disclosure of Coupling Kits of Various Brands (Taking HRP Coupling Kits and Green Fluorescence Coupling Kits as Examples)

1. HRP Coupling Kits

Brand	Sample types	Contents of the kit	Duration of experiment	Size/Price
Abbkine	Samples contain free amino group	1. Activated HRP conjugates solution 2. HRP labeling solution 3. HRP quencher	3.5-4h	3*20ug/$100 100ug/$120 3*100ug/$140 1mg/$220
Abcam	Samples contain free amino group	1. Activated HRP conjugates solution 2. HRP labeling solution 3. HRP quencher	3.5-4h	30ug/￥$270 100ug/$275 300ug/$330 1mg/$555 5mg/$1887
ThermoFisher	Samples contain free amino group	1. Activated HRP conjugates solution 2. HRP labeling solution 3. HRP quencher 4. Protein A/G Column	overnight+＞2h	300µg/$652

* How does Abbkine HRP coupling kit remove free HRP (molecular weight 40KD) from binding antibody?

Abbkine HRP coupling kit was designed with this in mind. The kit can provide a low level of free HRP at the end of the reaction. Therefore, no filtration step is required, and the termination solution (quencher) provided in the kit will block the reactive groups of free HRP.

* Protein A/G column in Thermofisher brand is used to remove free HRP.

• Green fluorescence Coupling Kits 

Brand	Sample types	Contents of the kit	Duration of experiment	Size/Price
Abbkine	Samples contain free amino group	1. Activated Green fluorescence conjugates solution 2. labeling solution 3. Purification Column	1.5h	3*20ug/$120 100ug/$140 3*100ug/$160 1mg/$250
Abcam	Samples contain free amino group	1. Activated Green fluorescence conjugates solution 2. labeling solution 3. quencher	0.5-1h	30ug/$265 100ug/$266 300ug/$415 1mg/$645
ThermoFisher	Samples contain free amino group	1. Activated Green fluorescence conjugates solution 2. labeling solution 3. Purification Column	1.5-2h	100µg/$538

* The purpose of the purification column is to separate the unconjugated dye from the coupled product, because the dye is small molecules (molecular weight is about 1KD), and the purification column volume provided by Abbkine is 50KDa, 0.5 ml. The purification column provided by ThermoFisher is also aimed at the purification of antibody (the molecular weight of antibody is about 160KD). If the molecular weight of the protein purified by customers is small or large, they need to equip themselves with appropriate ultrafiltration tubes.

The following recommendations are made for the allocation of ultrafiltration tubes:

The molecular weight of the sample	Ultrafiltration tubes
6<MW<20K	3K
20<MW<60K	10K
60<MW<100K	30K
100<MW<200K	50K
200K<MW	100K

To sum up, which brand of coupling kit would you choose? As the fans of Abbkine, I'd like to summarize the characteristics and advantages of Abbkine LinKine™ products:

• Optimized Scheme-Follow the standard experimental procedure and obtain the best activity or fluorescence with excellent pre-activated dye, protein ratio and patented solution formula.
• The operation is simple and convenient-the operation can be realized in three steps, and the coupling group is bound to a primary amine site of an antibody or other protein.
• Customization-changing molar ratio, reaction buffer, pH value and other parameters can realize different levels of coupling and activity.
• High Efficiency Purification-The kit includes a purification column to ensure rapid and effective removal of unreacted dyes and excellent protein/antibody recovery.

Buy Abbkine selected primary antibodies, get high quality secondary antibodies

Abbkine's selected primary antibodies are the first choice for reliable trust, featuring a selection of popular research targets, strict quality control and quality assurance. We are grateful for everyone's recognition of this product line. In order to allow more customers to use good products and send out high-score articles, we are now launching the activity of buying selected primary antibodies and get high quality secondary antibodies.

Promotion time: From now to December 31^th, 2020

Details of activities:

As long as you buy selected primary antibodies, you can get designated high quality secondary antibodies (size: 100ul) for free or at a very preferential price. Designated secondary antibodies are as follows,

Product name	Cat#	Citation	Size	List Price($)	Preferential Price($)
HRP, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG	A21010	131	100ul	25	0
HRP, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG	A21020	147	100ul	25	0
DyLight 488, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG	A23210	79	100ul	40	15
Dylight 488, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG	A23220	107	100ul	40	15
Dylight 549, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG	A23310	24	100ul	40	15
Dylight 549, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG	A23320	59	100ul	40	15
Dylight 594, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG	A23410	30	100ul	40	15
Dylight 594, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG	A23420	46	100ul	40	15
Dylight 649, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG	A23610	13	100ul	40	15
Dylight 649, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG	A23620	18	100ul	40	15
Dylight 800, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG	A23910	4	100ul	40	15
Dylight 800, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG	A23920	12	100ul	40	15
IFKine™ Green Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG	A24211	11	100ul	70	20
IFKine™ Green Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG	A24221	12	100ul	70	20
IFKine™ Red Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG	A24411	5	100ul	70	20
IFKine™ Red Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG	A24421	22	100ul	70	20
IPKine™ HRP, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG LCS	A25012	13	100ul	70	20
IPKine™ HRP, Mouse Anti-Rabbit IgG LCS	A25022	9	100ul	70	20
IPKine™ HRP, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG HCS	A25112	8	100ul	70	20
IPKine™ HRP, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG HCS	A25222	7	100ul	70	20

* IFKine™antibodies: IFKine™ are series of specially optimized secondary antibodies with improved brightness, photostability and less nonspecific hybridization and background. Donkey host and other species of serum/IgG absorbed make it ideal choice for fluorescence staining, especially in fluorescence multiple labelling.

*IPKine™ antibodies: 25 kD or 50 kD protein detection on Western blots after Immunoprecipitation is often suffered from heavy or light chain blotting contamination. Abbkine’s  IPKine™ products could solve these problems and bring you satisfying results with good performance.

Wuhan Institute of Virology Reveals New Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) may Bat Origin

On February 3, the Wuhan virus research institute of the Chinese academy of sciences/biosafety research center, Wuhan jinyintan hospital and Hubei provincial center for disease prevention and control cooperated in the identification and research of 2019 new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which caused the Wuhan pneumonia epidemic, and published it online under the topic "a pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of disease origin" (the link of the paper is https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2012-7). Relevant research teams revealed the basic biological characteristics of the coronavirus from nucleic acid detection, serological diagnosis, virus isolation and receptor utilization, providing important clues for epidemic control and drug research and development.

The research team obtained the whole genome sequence of the virus from the early samples of 5 patients. The similarity of the virus sequence from 5 patients reached 99.9%, and the sequence consistency with SARS-CoV was 79.5%. The amino acid analysis of virus conserved protein shows that 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV belong to SARS-related coronavirus (SARSR-COV). The author further compared 2019-nCoV genome with some gene sequences of coronavirus detected early in the laboratory, and found that the virus is similar to the gene of a coronavirus (TG13 for short) derived from a bat sample. After sequencing the bat sample, the whole genome sequence of bat virus TG13 was obtained, and the sequence consistency of the two viruses was found as high as 96% (Figure 1).

Fig. 1. high-throughput sequencing obtains the whole genome sequence (A) of the virus from a patient sample; Sketch map of 2019-nCoV genome (b); Homology analysis with human SARS virus and bat SARSr-CoV (c); Evolutionary analysis using 2019-nCoV replicase gene (d)

The research team carried out nucleic acid detection on samples of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), throat swab (OS) and other samples of patients in different periods, and found that the viral nucleic acid of early samples was about 1000 times higher than that of late samples. By using SARSr-CoV antigen stored in the laboratory at an early stage, they tested the patient's serum samples and found that the patient produced corresponding IgM and IgG antibodies (fig. 2). Subsequently, 2019-nCoV virus was isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of a critically ill patient, and its intracellularly clear coronavirus particle morphology was observed by electron microscopy (fig. 3).

Fig. 2. virus nucleic acid detection in seven patients (a); Serological changes in a patient (B); Detection of Antibody Level in Seven Patients (C)

Fig. 3. electron microscopic observation of 2019-ncov in cells

The research team found that 2019-nCoV can infect non-sensitive cells that express human ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme, cell receptor of SARS-CoV), indicating that 2019-nCoV can invade cells using receptor of SARS-CoV (fig. 4).

Fig. 4. 2019-nCoV infection in HeLa cells expressing ACE2 from human, bat, pig, civet and mouse

In the race against time and epidemic situation, the study provided more detailed basic biological characteristics of 2019-nCoV virus in a short period of time, and revealed that the natural host of the virus may be bats. The study also showed that 2019-nCoV can infect cells with the receptor of SARS-CoV, laying a working foundation for subsequent epidemic prevention and drug research.

Product Recommendation:

1. ACE2 Polyclonal Antibody(ABP56008)
2. DyLight 488, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG (A23210)
3. Dylight 488, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (A23220)
4. Dylight 549, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG (A23310)
5. Dylight 549, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (A23320)
6. Dylight 594, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG (A23410)
7. Dylight 594, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (A23420)